Surface Mount Devices (SMDs) Are Mounted on the Surface of Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs)

SMT stands for Surface Mount Technology. In this technology, electronic components are mounted on the surface of a printed circuit board (PCB), with their leads or terminals remaining on the board surface to be soldered. Components designed for surface mount technology are called surface mount devices (SMDs). As PCB systems become more complex and integrate more functions, more components must be placed in smaller areas. SMD...

In Powder Metallurgy, N2 Is Used for Atomized Powder Production, Powder Conveying, Sintering Protection, and More

Powder metallurgy is an industrial technology that uses metal powders as raw materials, which are formed and sintered to produce metal materials, composite materials, and various types of products. Typical powder metallurgy products include powder metallurgy parts (such as bearings and gears), cemented-carbide cutting tools, molds, friction products, cemented carbides, magnetic materials, battery cathode materials, and more. Powder metallurgy technology is widely used in machinery, electronics, aerospace, weapons, new energy, information technology, nuclear industry, and other fields. It is one of the most dynamic branches of new materials science...

Lithium-ion batteries typically utilize lithium alloy metal oxides as the cathode material.

Lithium-ion batteries are generally defined as batteries that utilize lithium alloy metal oxides as the cathode material, graphite as the anode material, and a non-aqueous electrolyte. Possessing advantages such as high energy density, low self-discharge rates, long service life, and environmental friendliness, lithium-ion batteries are hailed as the "green energy of the 21st century." The applications of lithium-ion batteries are extremely broad, spanning diverse sectors including energy storage, motive power, consumer electronics, and specialized applications. Within the lithium-ion battery industry, nitrogen (N2) is utilized in various processes: for cathode and anode materials—specifically in sintering protection, powder processing, and related operations—where a purity level of 99.999% is typically required; and in battery cell production—including electrolyte injection, baking, and similar stages—where the standard purity requirement ranges from 99.99% to 99.999%.

Heat Treatment Is an Important Foundational Technology for the Machinery Industry and Modern Manufacturing

Heat treatment is an important foundational technology for the machinery industry and modern manufacturing. Improving the level of heat-treatment equipment and production technology can save energy and materials and strengthen enterprise competitiveness. N2 is used to protect processed materials during heat treatment and prevent metal oxidation, such as in nitrogen-based controlled atmosphere furnaces, purge and replacement gas for vacuum annealing furnaces during startup and shutdown, cooling gas for high-pressure gas quenching, and backfill gas during heating. N2 used in the heat-treatment industry generally requires a purity of 99.9...